现在android网络请求大部分已经换成了Retrofit2.0 +RxJava + OkHttp3.0，Retrofit 使用接口的方式，负责请求的数据和请求的结果，OkHttp 负责请求的过程，RxJava 负责异步，各种线程之间的切换。毫无疑问这三剑客 已成为当前Android 网络请求最流行的方式。
简介
Retrofit: Retrofit是Square 公司开发的一款基于restful风格接口的Android 网络请求的框架，对Okhttp做了一层封装。网络请求还是基于Okhttp，我们只需要通过简单的配置就能使用Retrofit来进行网络请求。
RxJava:RxJava 在 GitHub 主页上介绍 "a library for composing asynchronous and event-based programs using observable sequences for the Java VM"（一个在 Java VM 上使用可观测的序列来组成异步的、基于事件的程序的库）。总之，rxjava让异步操作变得非常简单。
OkHttp: Square 公司开源的网络请求库
基本使用
HTTP协议中共定义了八种方法或者叫“动作”来表明对Request-URI指定的资源的不同操作方式，分别是OPTIONS、HEAD、GET、POST、PUT、DELETE、TRACE、CONNECT，介绍就省略了。
虽然有这么多种请求方式，但App的接口请求无非就是数据的增删改查，增删改查对应到Restful风格接口上也就是post，delete，put，get四种请求。在Retrofit框架提供的注解中，其中HTTP注解有五个，用来修饰请求方法，除了post，delete，put，get还有一个head。除了这五种网络请求方式外，App无非还会用到retrofit的单文件或者多文件的上传下载，同步请求或者异步请求的处理，还有okhttp数据缓存的问题。
| 注解 | 请求方式 | 用途 |
|---|---|---|
| @Path | GET | 用于替换Url路径中的变量字符 |
| @Query | GET | 用于拼接在Url路径后的查询参数，但相对于直接在Url后拼接，@Query则是添加一个变量 |
| @QueryMap | GET | 效果等同于多个@Query 参数为Map类型 |
| @FormUrlEncoded/@Field | POST | @FormUrlEncoded修饰表单域，每个表单域子件key-value采用@Field修饰 |
| @Body | POST | 可以指定一个对象作为HTTP请求体@Body |
| @FormUrlEncoded/@Field | PUT | @FormUrlEncoded修饰表单域，每个表单域子件key-value采用@Field修饰 |
| @HTTP/@Body | DELETE | @HTTP修饰表单域，以指定一个对象作为HTTP请求体@Body，此时表单域一定要写上hasBody = true |
| @Multipart/@Part或者@PartMap | POST | 文件上传使用，@Multipart修饰表单域，参数@Part修饰或者参数使用@PartMap |
举例说明
引入依赖
-
compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.2.0' -
compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:adapter-rxjava:2.2.0' -
compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.0.0-beta3' -
compile 'com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:3.4.1' -
compile 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.4.1' -
compile 'io.reactivex:rxjava:1.1.9' -
compile 'io.reactivex:rxandroid:1.2.1'
创建Retrofit对象
-
public class RetrofitManager { -
private static RetrofitManager mRetrofitManager; -
private Retrofit mRetrofit; -
-
private RetrofitManager(){ -
initRetrofit(); -
} -
-
public static synchronized RetrofitManager getInstance(){ -
-
if (mRetrofitManager == null){ -
mRetrofitManager = new RetrofitManager(); -
} -
return mRetrofitManager; -
} -
-
private void initRetrofit() { -
HttpLoggingInterceptor LoginInterceptor = new HttpLoggingInterceptor(); -
LoginInterceptor.setLevel(HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.BODY); -
-
OkHttpClient.Builder builder = new OkHttpClient.Builder(); -
builder.addInterceptor(new RspCheckInterceptor()); -
-
if (AppConfig.DEBUG){ -
builder.addInterceptor(LoginInterceptor); -
} -
-
builder.connectTimeout(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS); -
builder.readTimeout(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS); -
builder.writeTimeout(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS); -
builder.retryOnConnectionFailure(true); -
OkHttpClient client = builder.build(); -
-
Gson gson = new GsonBuilder() -
.setDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSS'Z'") -
.setExclusionStrategies(new ExclusionStrategy() { -
@Override -
public boolean shouldSkipField(FieldAttributes f) { -
return false; -
} -
-
@Override -
public boolean shouldSkipClass(Class<?> clazz) { -
return false; -
} -
}) -
.create(); -
-
mRetrofit = new Retrofit.Builder() -
.baseUrl(AppConfig.BASE_URL) -
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create(gson)) -
.addCallAdapterFactory(RxJavaCallAdapterFactory.create()) -
.client(client) -
.build(); -
} -
-
public <T> T createReq(Class<T> reqServer){ -
return mRetrofit.create(reqServer); -
} -
}
创建访问API的请求
-
/** -
* 添加标签 -
* -
* @param supplier_id -
* @param staff_id -
* @param name -
* @param type -
* @return -
*/ -
@FormUrlEncoded -
@POST("memberservice/addMemberTag/suppliers/{supplier_id}/operator/{staff_id}") -
Observable<BaseResponse> addMemberTag(@Path("supplier_id") String supplier_id, -
@Path("staff_id") String staff_id, -
@Field("name") String name, @Field("type") String type, @Field("timestamp") String timestamp); -
-
/** -
* 删除标签（注意一定要写hasBody = true，否则delete不能使用body参数请求） -
* -
* @param supplier_id -
* @param operator_id -
* @return -
*/ -
@HTTP(method = "DELETE", path = "memberservice/delMemberTag/suppliers/{supplier_id}/operator/{operator_id}", hasBody = true) -
Observable<BaseResponse> deletMemberTag(@Path("supplier_id") String supplier_id, -
@Path("operator_id") String operator_id, -
@Body RequestBody content); -
-
-
/** -
* 修改标签 -
* -
* @param supplier_id -
* @param operator_id -
* @param map -
* @return -
*/ -
@FormUrlEncoded -
@PUT("memberservice/updateMemberTag/suppliers/{supplier_id}/operator/{operator_id}") -
Observable<BaseResponse> updateMemberTag(@Path("supplier_id") String supplier_id, -
@Path("operator_id") String operator_id, -
@FieldMap Map<String, String> map); -
-
-
/** -
* 查询标签 -
* -
* @param supplier_id -
* @param staff_id -
* @return -
*/ -
@GET("memberservice/queryStaffTag/suppliers/{supplier_id}/operator/{staff_id}") -
Observable<BaseResponse<TagsBean>> queryMemberTag(@Path("supplier_id") String supplier_id, -
@Path("staff_id") String staff_id, -
@Query("timestamp") String timestamp); -
}
发送请求以及处理结果
-
RetrofitManager.getInstance().createReq(Api.class).addMemberTag(supply_id, staff_id, data, "2", getTime()).subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()) -
.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) -
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()) -
.subscribe(new Subscriber<BaseResponse>() { -
@Override -
public void onCompleted() { -
-
} -
-
@Override -
public void onError(Throwable e) { -
-
//处理请求失败的操作 -
} -
-
@Override -
public void onNext(BaseResponse baseResponse) { -
-
//处理成功后的结果 -
} -
-
});
多图以及单图上传
方法一：
-
@Multipart -
@POST("suppliers/{supplier_id}/staff/{staff_id}/meeting/{meeting_id}/upload") -
Observable<BaseResponse> uploadePics( -
@Path("supplier_id")String supplier_id,@Path("staff_id")String staff_id, -
@Path("meeting_id")String meeting_id,@Part List<MultipartBody.Part> partList); -
-
-
MultipartBody.Builder builder = new MultipartBody.Builder() -
.setType(MultipartBody.FORM)//表单类型 -
.addFormDataPart("summary_position", formatted_address); //地理位置 -
-
//单张或者多张 -
for (int i = 0; i < listString.size(); i++) { -
File file = new File(listString.get(i)); -
RequestBody imageBody = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("multipart/form-data"), file); -
builder.addFormDataPart("summary_pics[]", file.getName(), imageBody); -
} -
-
List<MultipartBody.Part> parts = builder.build().parts(); -
-
RetrofitManager2.getInstance().createReq(PhpApi.class).uploadePics( -
supplier_id,staff_id,meeting_id,parts) -
.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) -
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()) -
.subscribe(new Subscriber<BaseResponse>() { -
@Override -
public void onCompleted() { -
-
} -
-
@Override -
public void onError(Throwable e) { -
-
} -
-
@Override -
public void onNext(BaseResponse baseResponse) { -
-
} -
});
方法二：
-
Observable<BaseResponse> uploadePics2( -
@Path("supplier_id")String supplier_id,@Path("staff_id")String staff_id, -
@Path("meeting_id")String meeting_id, -
@PartMap Map<String, RequestBody> params); -
-
//单张或多张图片 -
List<File>files = new ArrayList<File>(); -
for (int i = 0; i < listString.size(); i++) { -
File file = new File(listString.get(i)); -
files.add(file); -
} -
-
//组装partMap对象 -
Map<String, RequestBody> partMap = new HashMap<>(); -
for(File file : files ){ -
RequestBody fileBody = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("image/*"), file); -
partMap.put("summary_pics[]\"; filename=\""+file.getName()+"\"", fileBody); -
} -
RequestBody formatted_addressString = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("text/plain"), formatted_address); -
partMap.put("summary_position" , formatted_addressString); -
-
-
RetrofitManager2.getInstance().createReq(PhpApi.class).uploadePics2( -
supplier_id,staff_id,meeting_id,partMap) -
.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) -
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()) -
.subscribe(new Subscriber<BaseResponse>() { -
@Override -
public void onCompleted() { -
-
} -
-
@Override -
public void onError(Throwable e) { -
-
} -
-
@Override -
public void onNext(BaseResponse baseResponse) { -
-
} -
});
